Unit 88

Santai Minda

Soalan yang jelas, kategori yang sesuai dan satu rekod bagi setiap jawapan menghasilkan data yang kemas.

Langkah 1

Kumpul secara sistematik

Soalan yang jelas, kategori yang sesuai dan satu rekod bagi setiap jawapan menghasilkan data yang kemas.

soalan → kategori → rekod

soalan → kategori → rekod = 问题 → 类别 → 记录
有系统地收集数据要三步：问题清楚、类别合适、每个答案记一次。三步做好，数据就整齐。
例子：问15人最喜欢奶茶、果汁还是水，记录得6 + 5 + 4 = 15，刚好等于人数。
注意：记完要核对总数是否等于被问的人数，不相等就是漏记或重记。

soalan → kategori → rekod = question → category → record
Systematic data collection needs a clear question, suitable categories, and one record for each answer. Then the data is neat.
Example: Ask 15 people to choose milk tea, juice or water. Records of 6 + 5 + 4 = 15 match the number of people.
Watch out: Check that the total equals the number of people asked; if not, something was missed or counted twice.

Langkah 2

Bina jadual daripada rekod

Jumlahkan setiap kategori dan tulis bilangannya dalam jadual tanpa tertinggal atau mengira dua kali.

rekod → jumlah kategori → jadual

rekod → jumlah kategori → jadual = 记录 → 各类总数 → 表格
把每一类的划记数好，把数字写进表格，一类一行。写完逐行对照划记，确保没有漏掉或重复。
例子：红色有一组五笔加2笔，写5 + 2 = 7；蓝色4笔写4；全表共7 + 4 = 11。
注意：抄进表格时容易把数字写到别的类别那一行。

rekod → jumlah kategori → jadual = records → category totals → table
Count the tally marks of each category and write the number in a table, one row per category. Then check each row against the tallies.
Example: Red has a bundle and 2 marks, so 5 + 2 = 7; blue has 4. The table total is 7 + 4 = 11.
Watch out: Numbers are easily copied into the wrong row, so check row by row.

Langkah 3

Tanya dan jawab daripada jadual

Gunakan nilai dalam jadual untuk menjawab kategori paling banyak, paling sedikit, sama banyak atau beza.

jadual → soalan → jawapan

jadual → soalan → jawapan = 表格 → 问题 → 答案
用表格里的数回答问题：哪类最多、哪类最少、哪两类一样多、两类相差多少。先找到相关的行，再比较或计算。
例子：篮球9、足球6、排球6，足球和排球一样多，篮球比足球多9 − 6 = 3。
注意：问“最少”时要看全部类别，别只比较前两行。

jadual → soalan → jawapan = table → question → answer
Use the numbers in the table to find the most, the fewest, equal amounts or a difference. Find the right rows first, then compare or calculate.
Example: Basketball 9, football 6, volleyball 6. Football and volleyball are equal, and basketball has 9 − 6 = 3 more than football.
Watch out: For the fewest, look at every row, not just the first two.

Semak cepat · Soalan 1 / 2

Cuba sendiri

Pilih jawapan. Jika belum tepat, baca petunjuk dan cuba lagi.

Data yang tersusun bermula dengan…

data tersusun = 整齐的数据
题目问整齐的数据是从什么开始的。想想收集数据的整个过程：哪一样东西决定了后面的类别和记录？用每个选项当开头，看后面能不能整理出整齐的表格。
例子：调查10人的宠物，表格狗4、猫6，4 + 6 = 10，人数对上了。
注意：这题问的是“开始”，不是收集完之后做的事。

data tersusun = organised data
The question asks what organised data begins with. Which thing decides the categories and the records that follow? Use each choice as the starting point and see if a neat table could result.
Example: A survey of 10 people on pets gives dog 4 and cat 6, and 4 + 6 = 10 matches the people asked.
Watch out: The question is about the beginning, not what happens after collecting.

Semak cepat · Soalan 2 / 2

Cuba sendiri

Pilih jawapan. Jika belum tepat, baca petunjuk dan cuba lagi.

Setiap jawapan peserta perlu direkodkan…

setiap jawapan peserta = 每位参与者的答案
题目问每个参与者的答案应该怎样记录。要看两个线索：记几次，和记在哪一类。用这两个线索检查每个选项，想想表格总数会不会等于人数。
例子：8人回答，表格的数加起来要是8，例如5 + 3 = 8。
注意：同一个答案出现在两类，总数就会比人数多。

setiap jawapan peserta = each participant's answer
The question asks how each answer should be recorded. Look for two clues: how many times, and in which category. Test each choice by asking whether the table total would equal the number of people.
Example: 8 people answer, so the table numbers must add to 8, such as 5 + 3 = 8.
Watch out: If one answer appears in two categories, the total becomes bigger than the number of people.

Ringkasan

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Ingat: kumpul secara sistematik; bina jadual daripada rekod; tanya dan jawab daripada jadual.

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