Unit 74

Selesaikan

Tentukan sama ada masalah melibatkan panjang, jisim atau isi padu cecair.

Langkah 1

Kenal pasti ukuran

Tentukan sama ada masalah melibatkan panjang, jisim atau isi padu cecair.

panjang · jisim · isi padu

panjang · jisim · isi padu = 长度、重量、容量
解应用题先看题目在说哪一种量：说长短的是长度，说轻重的是重量，说液体多少的是容量。认对了，才知道要用哪种单位。
例子：“绳子 30 cm，再接 20 cm”是长度题，30 + 20 = 50 cm。
注意：题目出现 berat 就是说重量，不要当成长度来算。

panjang · jisim · isi padu = length, mass, volume
In a word problem, first decide which quantity it is about: long or short means length, light or heavy means mass, and how much liquid means volume. Then you know which unit to use.
Example: a 30 cm rope joined to 20 cm more is a length problem, 30 + 20 = 50 cm.
Watch out: the word berat is about mass, so do not treat it as a length.

Langkah 2

Cari maklumat dan unit

Gariskan nilai yang diberi, perkara yang perlu dicari dan unit yang mesti digunakan.

diberi → dicari → unit

diberi → dicari → unit = 已知、要求、单位
在题目里划出给了什么数、要找什么，以及答案要用的单位，再决定用加法还是减法。
例子：“米有 5 kg，用了 2 kg，还剩多少？”已知 5 和 2，要求剩下，用减法 5 - 2 = 3 kg。
注意：baki 表示剩下，通常要用减法。

diberi → dicari → unit = given, to find, unit
Underline the numbers given, what you must find, and the unit the answer needs. Then decide whether to add or subtract.
Example: there is 5 kg of rice and 2 kg is used; we find what is left by subtracting, 5 - 2 = 3 kg.
Watch out: the word baki means what is left over, which usually calls for subtraction.

Langkah 3

Semak jawapan dalam situasi

Pastikan nilai dan unit jawapan munasabah untuk objek atau bekas dalam cerita.

jawapan + unit + munasabah

jawapan munasabah = 合理的答案
算完后，把答案放回故事里想一想：这个数和单位合不合理？例如一支铅笔不会有 2 m 长。
例子：水壶有 2 ℓ 水，倒出 1 ℓ，剩 2 - 1 = 1 ℓ，比原来少，合理。
注意：剩下的量一定比原来少，算出来更多就要重算。

jawapan munasabah = sensible answer
After calculating, put the answer back into the story and ask if the number and unit make sense. A pencil, for example, is never 2 m long.
Example: a jug has 2 ℓ of water, 1 ℓ is poured out, and 2 - 1 = 1 ℓ is left, which is less than before, so it is sensible.
Watch out: an amount left over must be smaller than the start; if it is bigger, work it out again.

Semak cepat · Soalan 1 / 2

Cuba sendiri

Pilih jawapan. Jika belum tepat, baca petunjuk dan cuba lagi.

Panjang reben 14 cm dan dipotong 5 cm. Bakinya…

baki reben = 剩下的丝带
题目说丝带长 14 cm，剪掉 5 cm，问还剩多长。dipotong 是剪掉，baki 是剩下，所以要从原来的长度减去剪掉的部分。最后检查答案比 14 cm 短，单位还是 cm。
例子：绳子 20 cm，剪掉 8 cm，剩 20 - 8 = 12 cm。
注意：剪掉以后会变短，不要把两个数加起来。

baki reben = ribbon left over
A ribbon is 14 cm long and 5 cm is cut off; the question asks how much is left. Dipotong means cut off and baki means remaining, so subtract the cut part from the starting length. Check that the answer is shorter than 14 cm and still in cm.
Example: a 20 cm string with 8 cm cut off leaves 20 - 8 = 12 cm.
Watch out: cutting makes it shorter, so adding the two numbers is wrong.

Semak cepat · Soalan 2 / 2

Cuba sendiri

Pilih jawapan. Jika belum tepat, baca petunjuk dan cuba lagi.

Dua garis panjangnya 8 cm dan 6 cm. Jumlah panjang…

jumlah panjang = 总长度
题目给了两条线，一条 8 cm，一条 6 cm，问加起来一共多长。jumlah 就是总共，要把两个长度相加。检查：总长度要比每一条都长。
例子：两条线 9 cm 和 7 cm，总长 9 + 7 = 16 cm。
注意：要写成加法算式，不要把两个数字并排写在一起。

jumlah panjang = total length
Two lines are 8 cm and 6 cm long, and the question asks for their total length. Jumlah means altogether, so the two lengths are added. Check that the total is longer than each line on its own.
Example: lines of 9 cm and 7 cm make 9 + 7 = 16 cm in total.
Watch out: write it as an addition sentence instead of just putting the two digits side by side.

Ringkasan

Syabas!

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Ingat: kenal pasti ukuran; cari maklumat dan unit; semak jawapan dalam situasi.

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